Visual-acoustic Intervention With Service Delivery In-person and Via Telepractice Trial

Inclusion Criteria: * Must be between 9;0 and 17;11 (years;months) old at the time of enrollment. * Must speak English as the dominant or equally dominant language * Must have begun learning English by age 3, per parent report. * Must hear a rhotic dialect of English from at least one speaker in the home if the home language is English. * Must pass a pure-tone hearing screening. * Must pass a brief examination of oral structure and function. * Must exhibit less than thirty percent accuracy, based on trained listener ratings, on a probe list eliciting /r/ in various phonetic contexts at the word level. * Must demonstrate age-appropriate receptive and expressive language abilities on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-5 (CELF-5). * Must have access to a laptop or desktop computer for study sessions in the event of randomization to the telepractice condition. * Must have home wifi sufficient to support video calls in the event of randomization to the telepractice condition. Exclusion Criteria: * Must not exhibit voice or fluency disorder of a severity judged likely to interfere with the ability to participate in study activities. * Must not currently have orthodontia that crosses the palate and cannot be removed. * Must not have history of permanent hearing loss. * Must not have an existing diagnosis of developmental disability such as cerebral palsy or Down Syndrome. * Must not have history of major brain injury, surgery, or stroke in the past year. * Must not …