Non-combat-related muscle, tendon and bone injuries are the most common injuries suffered by military personnel, particularly in new recruits. These injuries impact military readiness and are responsible for roughly 60% of limited duty days, 65% of soldiers who are unable to deploy, and nearly $500 million in medical cost to the government annually in the Army alone. Drug interventions must be studied and developed to prevent these negative outcomes and prepare military personnel for the demands of military service. At the current time, military leadership has identified critical gaps in understanding how to minimize these injuries and train soldiers with drug intervention serving among those gaps. The goal of this study is to determine how a hormonal intervention can change muscle, tendon, and bone function as well as physical and psychological performance in response to mental and physical stress. To do so, we will examine sex hormone (testosterone, estrogen) levels, muscle, tendon, and bone images, blood samples, and physical and mental performance. We will look at things like changes in hormone levels, chemicals released from active skeletal muscles, and your body composition. The results from this study will be used to improve physical readiness training in the military with the goal of reducing injuries.
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Biomechanical: Tendon Cross-Sectional Area, change from baseline and throughout training, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Biomechanical: Tendon Shear Wave Elastography, change from baseline and throughout training, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Biomechanical: Tendon Thickness, change from baseline and throughout training, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Biomechanical: Quadriceps Muscle Cross-sectional Area, change from baseline and throughout training, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Biomechanical: Quadriceps Muscle Echointensity, change from baseline and throughout training, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Body composition: Lean mass, change from baseline, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Body Composition: Fat mass, change from baseline, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Body Composition: Body mass, change from baseline and throughout training, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Body Composition: Body Fat Percentage, change from baseline, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Biochemical: Bone turnover markers (CTx + P1NP), change from baseline, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks
Biochemical: Sex steroid hormones (Testosterone, Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, Estradiol), change from baseline and throughout training, mean
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks