The CPSP-Cardiac is a large, multi-center, observational study with the aim to investigate the incidence of chronic pain in the 3rd month postoperatively in cardiac surgery and its affecting factors.
Who can participate
Age range18 Years – 80 Years
SexALL
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Inclusion Criteria:
* patients will be undergoing a first-time cardiac surgery involving a median sternotomy, including coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and all open-heart procedures, such as valvular repairs/replacement.
* patients between the ages of 18-80 years
* American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status score of II-III
* patients will also sign the written informed consent form
Exclusion Criteria:
* patients scheduled for minimally invasive cardiac surgery,
* patients with BMI\>40,
* patients who undergone thoracotomy,
* patients with alcohol and drug addiction,
* patients with severe dysfunction in a significant organ (e.g., presence of severe hepatic and renal disease),
* patients who undergone emergency and redo surgeries,
* patients who cannot be extubated within the first 8 hours postoperatively,
* patients have a severe psychiatric diseases such as psychosis or dementia that restrict cooperation with the patient (patients who cannot evaluate verbal numerical pain scales),
* patients who are pregnant and breastfeeding,
* patients who cannot be reached by phone during the postoperative follow-up periods
* patients who cannot communicate in the native language.