Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of the skin leads to acute inflammatory reactions such as erythema, sunburn, and chronic reactions, including premature skin aging and skin tumors. UV irradiation is a potent generator of oxidative stress in the skin. Exposure of mammalian skin to UV increases the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species, which damages lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in both epidermal and dermal cells and contributes to the sunburn reaction as well as photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. In this study, the effects of a topical antioxidant on attenuating the harmful effects of UV irradiation on normal healthy volunteers were studied using biomarkers of skin damage. This study confirms the protective role of a unique mixture of antioxidants on human skin from the harmful effects of UV irradiation. We propose that antioxidant mixture will complement and synergize with sunscreens in providing photoprotection for human skin.
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Erythema intensity
Timeframe: 1 day
Sunburn cells
Timeframe: 1 day
MMP-9 expression
Timeframe: 1 day
p53 expression
Timeframe: 1 day
Thymine dimer expression
Timeframe: 1 day