The Gut, Liver And Metabolome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Inclusion criteria

• ✓. One or more of the components of metabolic syndrome, defined as:
• ✓. Diagnosis of diabetes: on medication for diabetes for at least 6 months, HbA1c \>6.5%, or fasting glucose \>99 mg/dL
• ✓. Elevated fasting triglycerides: \>149 mg/dL or on medication for dyslipidemia
• ✓. Reduced HDL-C: \<40 mg/dL in males, \<50 mg/dL in females or on medication for dyslipidemia
• ✓. Elevated blood pressure: \>129 mm Hg systolic and/or \>84 mm Hg diastolic or on medication for hypertension
• ✓. Prior diagnosis of hepatic steatosis or NAFLD: hepatic steatosis noted on interpretation of clinical imaging, CT scan liver density of less than 58 HU, Fibroscan CAP score \>238 dB/m, MRI-PDFF ≥5%, liver biopsy showing ≥5% triglyceride content
• ✓. Persistently abnormal transaminases: elevated liver enzymes defined by transaminases ≥1.5 upper limit of normal (\[ULN\] = 35 IU/mL) and/or gammaglutamyltransferase level ≥2 ULN (ULN = 60 IU/L) on 2 blood samples within at least a 3-month interval
• ✓. BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2