Pausing Antiretroviral Treatment Under Structured Evaluation

Inclusion Criteria: Step 1: * Ability and willingness of participant to provide informed consent. * HIV-1 infection, documented by: * Any licensed rapid HIV test or HIV enzyme or chemiluminescence immunoassay (E/CIA) test kit at any time prior to study entry AND * Confirmed by one of the following: * A second antibody test from different manufacturers or based on different principles and epitopes (combination antigen-antibody-based rapid tests may be used) * HIV-1 antigen, or * Plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load, or * A licensed Western blot \[NOTE: The term "licensed" refers to a U.S. FDA-approved kit.\] * On stable suppressive ART for at least 96 weeks prior to study entry. \[NOTE: ART interruptions of up to 7 days occurring ≥90 days prior to study entry are acceptable. Within- and between-class changes in ART within the year prior to study entry are acceptable.\] * Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels of \<50 copies/mL for at least 96 weeks prior to study entry at any licensed local laboratory or Network-approved non-US laboratory that is VQA certified. \[NOTE: Two "blips" (i.e., plasma HIV-1 RNA \>50 and \<400 copies/mL) are allowed if each blip is preceded and followed by values \<50 copies/mL. At least one viral load measurement in greater than 56 days and within 48 weeks prior to the entry visit and another viral load within 56 days prior to the entry visit must be available for review. \] * CD4+ cell count \>450 cells/µL obtained within 56 days prior to study en…