The project is designed to develop and test Pressure Alternating Shoes (PAS), which will periodically off-load certain regions of the foot in order to prevent foot ulcers. An automated dual layer insole compromised of an active pressurized actuator array in combination with a passive compliant layer on top of each actuator to modulate and distribute the plantar surface pressure as desired will be tested. This device will allow us to simultaneously load and offload select areas of the foot using the active layer by inflating and deflating individual actuators using pressurized air. After offloading, the remaining load will be distributed to other areas with inflated actuators. Automatic modulation will be provided through programmable control hardware which will cyclically relieve mechanical loading based on a prescribed duration and frequency.
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Maximum Average Pressure at Baseline With Pressure Alternating Shoes, Right Foot (Before Any Cells Were Offloaded)
Timeframe: Before any cells were offloaded (First 40-seconds of the walk)
Maximum Average Pressure at After Offloading - Diabetic Footwear Equipped With PAS Device
Timeframe: After offloading (approx. 41- 200 seconds walk)
Peak Interface Pressure at Baseline (Before Offloading) - Diabetic Footwear Equipped With PAS Device
Timeframe: Baseline (First 40-seconds of the walk)
Peak Interface Pressure at After Offloading - Diabetic Footwear Equipped With PAS Device
Timeframe: After offloading (approx. 41- 200 seconds walk)
Max Average Pressure Change Among All Participants - Diabetic Footwear Equipped With PAS Device
Timeframe: Baseline (first 40-second walk), 201 seconds after the intervention ended
Peak Pressure Change Among All Participants - Diabetic Footwear Equipped With PAS Device
Timeframe: Baseline (first 40-second walk), 201 seconds after the intervention ended