The bioactive compounds contained in tree nuts have been shown to beneficially affect cardiometabolic health outcomes. Pecans contain more total phenols, sterols, and flavonoids than any other tree nut. They also are a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fiber, vitamin A, vitamin E, folic acid, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc. These bioactive components in pecans are likely the reason for the previously documented improvements in cardiometabolic health. The specific aims of this study are to: * Examine the effect of pecan consumption at doses of 6%, 13%, and 20% of total energy needs on fasting and postprandial blood lipids. * Examine the effect of pecan consumption at doses of 6%, 13%, and 20% of total energy needs on plasma markers associated with overall health. * Examine the effect of pecan consumption at doses of 6%, 13%, and 20% of total energy needs on subjective and physiologic postprandial measures of hunger and satiety. Participants will be asked to: * Consume pecans daily for 28 days or maintain their current habitual diet. * Attend three short weekly visits for fasting blood craws, body measurements, and collect their next week's supply of study materials. * Attend two longer (5 h) testing visits which include consuming a standard breakfast meal and having their blood drawn periodically before and after breakfast. Researchers will compare pecan LOW, pecan MID, pecan HIGH, and the Control group to examine the physiologic effects of incorporating various dosages of pecans into one's diet.
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Change in fasting serum lipoprotein and cholesterol concentrations
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting serum lipoprotein particle numbers
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma triglyceride concentrations
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma glucose concentrations
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma insulin concentrations
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma appetite control hormones concentrations
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial subjective feelings related to appetite
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA)
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma total antioxidant capacity
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma antioxidant parameters
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma inflammatory cytokine concentrations
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma markers of coagulation potential
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting and postprandial plasma angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) proteins
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks
Change in fasting insulin resistance metrics
Timeframe: Baseline, 4 weeks