Stent Omission After Ureteroscopy and Lithotripsy in the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative

Inclusion Criteria: * Undergoing unilateral ureteroscopy and lithotripsy for stone disease (participants may have contralateral stones, as long as these are asymptomatic and not being treated concurrently) * Largest stone less or equal to 10 millimeter in size as measured on abdominal x-ray, ultrasound, or computed tomography scan * Access to means of communication with the study team (email, text messaging, and/or telephone) * Adequate independent cognitive function and English language proficiency to complete study surveys * Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Planned bilateral ureteroscopy * Indwelling ureteral stent or percutaneous nephrostomy tube preoperatively in either kidney * Anatomic abnormalities of the ipsilateral upper urinary tract (for example, horseshoe kidney, crossed fused ectopia, pelvic kidney, urinary diversion) * Anatomic or functional solitary kidney * Planned secondary or staged ureteroscopy * Planned use of ureteral access sheath * Pregnancy * Patients who use opiate medication daily for greater than 3 months to manage a painful condition Second Stage Exclusion Criteria: * ureteral perforation * unanticipated anatomic abnormality * greater than expected bleeding * ureteral dilation greater than 12 French * ureteral access sheath utilized * failed ureteroscopy * no or incomplete lithotripsy performed * unable to complete case due to medical or anesthetic event.