Use of Presepsin as a Marker for Immunotherapy Administration in Pneumonia

Inclusion Criteria: * Age equal to or above 18 years * Male or female gender * In case of women of reproductive age, willingness to use dual contraceptive method during the study period * Written informed consent provided by the patient. For subjects without decision-making capacity, informed consent must be obtained from a legally designated representative following the national legislation in the Member State where the trial is planned * Community-acquired pneumonia or hospital-acquired pneumonia * qSOFA score equal to 1 * Serum presepsin \> 350 pg/ml Exclusion Criteria: * Age below 18 years * Denial of written informed consent * Any stage IV malignancy * Any do not resuscitate decision * Patients with PaO2/FiO2 less than 150 necessitating non-invasive ventilation or mechanical ventilation * Hospitalization in Intensive Care Unit * Known hypersensitivity to anakinra * Oral or IV intake of corticosteroids at a daily dose equal to or greater than 0.4 mg/kg prednisone for a period greater than the last 15 days * qSOFA score 0, 2 or 3 * Any anti-cytokine biological treatment for the last one month * Pregnancy or lactation. Women of child-bearing potential will be screened by a urine pregnancy test before inclusion in the study * Participation in any other interventional trial