Effects on Pain and Function of Orthopedic Manual Therapy in Patients With Painful Disc Displacement With Reduction

Inclusion Criteria: * Disc displacement with reduction diagnosis according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders; in the last 30 days, any TMJ noise present during the exam or clicking detected with palpation during at least one of three repetitions of jaw opening, closing, protrusion, or laterotrusion movements. * equal or greater than 30 mm on the VAS scale * Age is greater than or equal to18 years. Exclusion Criteria: * Participants were excluded if they had received interventions of TMJ surgery or TMJ steroid injections in the previous month, a rheumatoid diagnosis, neurological or psychiatric diseases, or pregnancy.