Cervical dystonia (CD), also known as spasmodic torticollis, is a type of focal dystonia, mainly manifesting as involuntary head turning or tilting, or holding a twisted posture. Although it can be alleviated by injection of botulinum toxin, the effect is temporary so that patients require multiple injections. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) targeting on globus pallidus internus (GPi) or subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been proved to be a safe and effective strategy for primary cervical dystonia, even for those medically refractory cases. However, the question of which target is better has not been clarified. Therefore, the invstigators design this randomized and controlled trial, aiming to compare the differences between GPi-DBS and STN-DBS for cervical dystonia in the improvement of symptoms , quality of life, mental status, cognitive status, as well as in stimulation parameters and adverse effects. The invstigators hypothesize that STN-DBS will outperform GPi-DBS at short-term follow-up, while the superiority will disappear and the efficacy of the two group will become similar at long-term follow-up.
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Change from baseline Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale - Severity subscale (TWSTRS-Severity) at 3 months
Timeframe: Three months postoperatively.
Change from baseline Tsui scale at 3 months
Timeframe: Three months postoperatively.
Change from baseline Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale - Severity subscale (TWSTRS-Severity) at 6 months
Timeframe: Six months postoperatively.
Change from baseline Tsui scale at 6 months
Timeframe: Six months postoperatively.
Change from baseline Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale - Severity subscale (TWSTRS-Severity) at 1 year
Timeframe: One year postoperatively.
Change from baseline Tsui scale at 1 year
Timeframe: One year postoperatively.