Association Between Some Polymorphisms in Apelin/ Apelin Receptor Genes and Coronary Artery Disease in Syrian Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Control group: the subjects were characterized by no history of angina and other heart disease or hypertension, and do not have other chronic or inflammatory diseases. They represent a normal resting ECG and normal exercise ECG stress testing. And the angiography showed the absence of any stenosis of the coronary arteries. They were matched with CAD patients according to age, gender and ethnicity. * CAD group with essential hypertension: the subjects were characterized by at least 70% stenosis in any coronary artery and high blood pressure (the average of three blood pressure readings was at least 140 mmHg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic). * CAD group without essential hypertension: the subjects were characterized by at least 70% stenosis in any coronary artery and normal blood pressure. * Hypertension group without CAD: the subjects were characterized by the normal coronary artery and high blood pressure. And they were characterized by no history of angina and other heart disease or hypertension, and do not have other chronic or inflammatory diseases. Exclusion Criteria: * Individuals with valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and inflammatory disease were excluded