Neurofeedback From the Supplementary Motor Area for Tourette Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: * Boys and girls, 10 to 16 years of age * A current diagnosis of Tourette Syndrome (TS) or chronic tic disorder (CTD), with active tics that can be executed without head movement, and a YGTSS score of at least 13 (for TS participants) or at least 12 (for CTD participants) * Currently stable medication treatment and no planned changes in medication for the duration of the study. * Family residence within 2 hours of Yale Medical Center with ability and willingness to attend assessment and fMRI visits. * Children and their parents are expected to be able to speak and understand spoken English in order to participate in a clinical assessment of TS and related psychopathology. * Subjects will be free of: 1) metal medical implants or braces, 2) pregnancy, and will have 3) a body weight of less than 250 lbs. and 4) no claustrophobia. Exclusion Criteria: * Intelligence quotient below 80 * Current diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, bipolar or psychotic disorder or current suicidality * Significant medical condition such as heart disease, hypertension, liver or renal failure, pulmonary disease, seizure disorder * Recently initiated psychotherapy. Participation in the study will not be allowed within 8 weeks of the initiation of psychotherapy. Ongoing, concurrent psychotherapy (that was initiated at least 8 weeks previously) for the child will be allowed, but parents will be asked not to initiate any new psychotherapy for the child during the study * Subjects …