This study will test the feasibility of delivering smartphone-based mindfulness and coping interventions to a sample of emerging/young adults with a history of early life adversity (ELA). 80 participants with a history of ELA will be randomly assigned to complete a two-week mindfulness training intervention or matched coping control intervention, both involving 14 foundational audio-guided lessons and practice prompts randomly delivered 3x daily. At baseline, post-intervention, and one-month follow-up lab assessments, participants will complete questionnaires and provide blood samples for assessment of markers of inflammation. Data assessing subjective and physiological stress in daily life will be collected during the intervention and for one week before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. Passive sensor data will be continuously collected from participants' smartphones and wearable devices to develop exploratory models that estimate and predict daily life stress. Data will be used to evaluate feasibility and acceptability of interventions and assessments in an ELA sample, test effects of mindfulness training on daily life stress and markers of inflammation in an ELA sample, and develop exploratory machine learning models of stress from passive sensor data.
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Feasibility of Recruitment (Screened Eligible)
Timeframe: assessed pre-enrollment
Feasibility of Retention
Timeframe: assessed across the entire 8-week study period
Feasibility of Adherence: Intervention Lessons
Timeframe: assessed across the entire 2-week intervention period
Feasibility of Safe Implementation: Incidence of Treatment-emergent Increases in Mental Health Symptoms
Timeframe: assessed across the entire 8-week study period
Acceptability: Treatment Expectancies
Timeframe: assessed in-person at post-intervention laboratory assessment (an average of 4 weeks) and one-month follow-up laboratory assessment (an average of 8 weeks)
Change in Daily Life Subjective Stress: State Perceived Stress
Timeframe: change in stress assessed in daily life for 1 week at three timepoints: pre-intervention ambulatory assessment, post-intervention ambulatory assessment (an average of 3 weeks), and one-month follow-up ambulatory assessment (an average of 7 weeks)
Change in Daily Life Subjective Stress: Daily Perceived Stress
Timeframe: change in stress assessed in daily life for 1 week at three timepoints: pre-intervention ambulatory assessment, post-intervention ambulatory assessment (an average of 3 weeks), and one-month follow-up ambulatory assessment (an average of 7 weeks)
Change in Daily Life Objective Stress: Stress Events in the Past 2.5 Hours
Timeframe: change in stress assessed in daily life for 1 week at three timepoints: pre-intervention ambulatory assessment, post-intervention ambulatory assessment (an average of 3 weeks), and one-month follow-up ambulatory assessment (an average of 7 weeks)
Change in Daily Life Objective Stress: Daily Stress Events
Timeframe: change in stress assessed in daily life for 1 week at three timepoints: pre-intervention ambulatory assessment, post-intervention ambulatory assessment (an average of 3 weeks), and one-month follow-up ambulatory assessment (an average of 7 weeks)
Change in Daily Life Physiological Stress Reactivity
Timeframe: change in HR reactivity assessed in daily life for 1 week at three timepoints: pre-intervention ambulatory assessment, post-intervention ambulatory assessment (an average of 3 weeks), and one-month follow-up ambulatory assessment (an average of 7 weeks)
Change in Circulating Inflammatory Markers
Timeframe: change from pre-intervention laboratory assessment to post-intervention laboratory assessment (an average of 4 weeks) and one-month follow-up laboratory assessment (an average of 8 weeks)
Feasibility of Recruitment (Enrollment)
Timeframe: assessed pre-enrollment
Feasibility of Adherence: Intervention Practice Prompts
Timeframe: assessed across the entire 2-week intervention period
Feasibility of Adherence: Ambulatory Assessments
Timeframe: assessed for 1 week at three time points: pre-intervention ambulatory assessment, post-intervention ambulatory assessment (an average of 3 weeks), and one-month follow-up ambulatory assessment (an average of 7 weeks)
Feasibility of Adherence: Mobile Sensor Data
Timeframe: assessed across the entire 8-week study period