Neurofeedback for Borderline Personality Disorder

Inclusion Criteria: * right-handed adults (ages 18 - 55) with a primary diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder according to diagnostic criteria in the Structured Interview for DSM Personality Disorders * must be able to give written informed consent prior to participation * unmedicated or stable on an SSRI antidepressant regime (at least 3 weeks to ensure symptoms are stable) * English speaking Exclusion Criteria: * have a clinically significant or unstable cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, neurological, gastrointestinal illness or unstable medical disorder * Current moderate or severe DSM-V alcohol or substance use disorder, with the exception of nicotine or caffeine. Clinician will access subjects' alcohol and substance use on a case-by-case to determine whether specific cases of mild alcohol or substance use would also interfere with the effects of the intervention. * have a history of traumatic brain injury * are unable to complete MRI scan due to claustrophobia or general MRI exclusions (e.g., shrapnel inside body) * are currently pregnant or breast feeding * are unable to complete questionnaires written in English * current (within 3 weeks of testing) use of any antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, or other medications (except SSRI antidepressants) likely to influence cerebral blood flow. Effective medications will not be discontinued for the purposes of the study. Inclusion of patients on stable antidepressant medications was decided in order to…