Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that causes cognitive and motor disabilities and contributes to decrease patients life quality. Previous results described that there are some MS patients that showed (at least in some phases of the disease) neuroplasticity processes that are able to compensate some cognitive deficits. Moreover, neuroplasticity processes seem to be limited and related to the degree of gray matter atrophy (patients with less atrophy show grater neuroplasticity than those with higher atrophy level). The aims of this project are: 1. to study behavioral changes (post-training) induced by two different rehabilitation programs: a)cognitive training focused on exclusively enhancing working memory and b) aerobic + cognitive training aimed to enhance attention, working memory processes and motor capabilities using a virtual reality game. 2. to study neuroplasticity changes (post-training functional connectivity changes) induced by these rehabilitation programs 3. to observe the role of the atrophy in brain neuroplasticity processes. Neuropathological status and neuroplasticity processes (studied using neuroimaging tools) as well as cognitive performance using neuropsychological tools will be assessed in a group of MS patients (with different phenotypes) at two different time points: before any training (S1) and after 10 days of training (S2). This project will be financed by the Ministerio de ciencia, innovación y universidades of the Spanish government and also have been approved by the Ethical committee of Universitat Jaume I.
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Change from baseline in Correct Responses
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Reaction Time
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Omissions
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Errors
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Functional Connectivity in resting state
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Functional Connectivity in task performance
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in SRT-S: Selective Reminding Test (Storing)
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in SRT-R: Selective Reminding Test (Retrieval)
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in SRT-D: Selective Reminding Test (Delayed)
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in SPART: Spatial Recall Test
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in SPART-D: Spatial Recall Test (Delayed)
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in SDMT: Symbol Digit Modalities Test
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in PASAT: Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Phonemic Fluency
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Semantic Fluency
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Digit Span Forward
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Digit Span Backward
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.
Change from baseline in Letters and Numbers
Timeframe: Baseline and 10 training days after.