The goal of this study is to improve HIV care outcomes for people who inject drugs (PWID) in India. The study will implement a two-phase trial to evaluate whether HIV treatment outcomes (HIV viral suppression) in HIV infected PWID can be improved with three different interventions: i) by offering a faster treatment start time (same-day antiretroviral therapy \[ART\] initiation vs. standard), ii) by provided community-based HIV care in PWID-focused centers (vs. centralized government-based HIV care) and, iii) providing an enhanced adherence support to participants who experience treatment failure at six months (vs. routine adherence support). The investigators hypothesize that faster access to ART and HIV treatment in PWID-focused community sites will lead to higher levels of initiation and retention to ART compared with standard care; and use of enhanced navigation and psychosocial support to patients who experience treatment failure at six months will lead to improved viral suppression compared with routine adherence support.
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Percentage of participants with viral load suppression (HIV RNA <1000 c/mL) at 6 months after phase-1 randomization
Timeframe: Measured at 6 months following phase-1 randomization
Percentage of participants with viral load suppression (HIV RNA <1000 c/mL) at 6 months after phase-2 randomization
Timeframe: Measured at 6 months following phase-2 randomization (corresponding to 12 months after phase-1 randomization)