Pesplanus, commonly known as 'flatfoot,' is a common pathomechanical condition characterized by a lowered medial longitudinal arch (MLA) and exaggerated pronation. There are two general types of flatfoot : flexible flatfoot and rigid flatfoot Flexible flatfoot is the most common form of flat foot. In adult population, it was reported that prevalence of flexible flatfeet is 13.6%. It has been proved that there is static and dynamic balance deficit in the participants with flatfeet. The extrinsic muscles as posterior tibialis (TP) ) and intrinsic muscles as abductor hallucis (AbdH) act as active subsystem support for the MLA during weight-bearing, standing, and walking. Abnormal alignment of the foot may cause stretch weakness of the foot muscles by elongating beyond the neutral physiological resting position. leading to musculoskeletal dysfunction and overuse injuries. Insoles can assist in maintaining normal alignment of the foot, improve balance as it supports MLA which is essential to stabilize postural sway, they widen the contact surface of the sole of the foot improving stability.
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Dynamic balance
Timeframe: at baseline and after 2 months of intervention
Foot function
Timeframe: at baseline and after 2 months of intervention
Extrinsic foot muscle strength
Timeframe: at baseline and after 2 months of intervention
Intrinsic foot muscle strength
Timeframe: at baseline and after 2 months of intervention. • The therapist will Count to 30 seconds and will observe for the steadiness of the navicular height and for any compensatory extrinsic foot muscle activity