Sex might interact with cardioautonomic neuropathy (CAN) in the development of macrovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The regulation of the autonomic system shows sexual dimorphism, and may contribute to the cardiovascular risk overload in women with T1D. The aims of this project are: A.1) Determining the prevalence of CAN and subclinical atherosclerosis in a large cohort of consecutive patients with T1D as a function of sex (cross-sectional study). A.2.) Addressing the progression of CAN and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with T1D as a function of sex (longitudinal prospective study). A.3.) Investigating the influence of sex steroids and circulating biomarkers in the development and progression of CAN and subclinical atherosclerosis. Research designs: A cross-sectional design/prevalence screening study determining the prevalence of CAN as a function of sex in 320 consecutive individuals with DM1. A longitudinal prospective study: the cohort of prevalence screening study will be prospectively followed, and the assessment of cardiovascular autonomic function and subclinical atherosclerosis will be repeated over time.
Age range
18 Years
Sex
ALL
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To address sexual dimorphism in the prevalence of CAN in patients with T1D.
Timeframe: Two years
To address sexual dimorphism in the prevalence of CAN in patients with T1D.
Timeframe: Two years
To address sexual dimorphism in subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with T1D.
Timeframe: Two years
To assess the role of sex on the progression of cardiovascular dysautonomy in patients with T1D.
Timeframe: Four years
To assess the role of sex on the progression of cardiovascular dysautonomy in patients with T1D.
Timeframe: Four years
To assess the role of sex on the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with T1D.
Timeframe: Four years