In this project, after systematically developing electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) pictorial health warning labels (HWLs), a proven clinical lab model will be used to examine and test their effect when these are placed on the ENDS device on a variety of subjective (e.g. satisfaction, harm perception, nicotine dependence, intention to quit) and objective outcomes (e.g. plasma nicotine, puff topography) in young adults.
Age range
21 Years – 35 Years
Sex
ALL
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
Plasma nicotine
Timeframe: During the 2 participant visits. Blood will be taken 2 times in each ENDS use session: before and after an approximately 60-min ad lib use period