Results from the University of Nottingham suggested that rhythmic median nerve stimulation (MNS) improves tic symptoms in Tourette syndrome (TS). The investigators will (1) provide a first replication of their study, (2) test the hypothesized electrophysiological mechanism and rule out a placebo effect as cause for the symptomatic benefit, and (3) gather information on the duration of effect after the end of stimulation and on individual characteristics that predict improvement with simulation. Completion of these Aims will give a clear go/no-go signal for a future clinical trial of chronic MNS delivered by a yet-to-be-developed wristwatch-style device. NOTE: This study is not intended to evaluate a specific device for future use. Rather it is a study to determine the action of pulsed electrical stimulation on tic symptoms and to gain early evidence of effectiveness. This is a non-significant risk device study.
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Change in Tic Frequency From When MNS is Turned Off
Timeframe: During the 1-minute on and 1-minute off blocks of rhythmic MNS stimulation (total 4 blocks)
Change in Tic Severity From When MNS is Turned Off
Timeframe: During the 1-minute on and 1-minute off blocks of rhythmic MNS stimulation (total 4 blocks)
Change in Tic Frequency During Rhythmic MNS (vs. Arrhythmic MNS)
Timeframe: During 5-minute MNS stimulation on or off blocks 0, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9
Change in Tic Severity During Rhythmic MNS (vs. Arrhythmic MNS)
Timeframe: During 5-minute MNS stimulation on or off blocks 0, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9