Effects of Intraoperative Vagal Block on Reducing the Postoperative Cough After Thoracic Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status class Ⅲ * Diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer with clinical stage of I-IIIA * Planned to undergo segmentectomy or lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection Exclusion Criteria: * chronic cough symptoms before surgery; a chronic cough (a cough lasting more than eight weeks) * chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy prior to surgery * current smoker (patient should quit smoking at least 2 weeks before surgery) * previously diagnosed with airway disease prior to surgery * previously diagnosed with asthma prior to surgery * patients with nervous system defects or psychiatric problems * patients with severe cardiovascular disease, hepatological, or renal failure