This study aims to determine the impact and effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) principles in the recovery and rehabilitation of patients following elective orthopaedic spine surgery with a specific emphasis on oral versus intravenous preoperative medication administration and the resultant cost differences.
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Operative blood loss (ml)
Timeframe: From incision start to wound closed. 0-6 hours after operation start.
Postoperative pain scores (VAS) Visual analog scale.
Timeframe: The investigators will measure change between baseline/pre-surgical VAS score to immediate post surgical VAS, and at 4 hour intervals until hospital discharge. 0-48 hours
Immediate postoperative opiate analgesic requirement
Timeframe: From post anesthesia care unit admission until hospital discharge. As the investigators are measuring the 24 hour Morphine equivalent dosing from anesthesia emergence until hospital discharge. ( 0-48 hours after operation)
Time from post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) admission to discharge
Timeframe: PACU admission to PACU discharge (range 0-6 hours)
blood transfusion requirement
Timeframe: At any time point during hospitalization. ( 0-48 hours after operation)
Length of hospital stay
Timeframe: From day of operation (day zero) through hospital discharge.Expected range 1-3 days)