a Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of Carbon Dioxide Use in Cardiac Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Planned cardiac surgery on the left heart with limited deaeration: Minimally invasive approach (mininotomy, minimally invasive lateral thoracotomy); Re-intervention * Signed informed voluntary consent Exclusion Criteria: * Patient refusal to participate in any stage of the study * History of stroke, transient ischemic attack * Hemodynamically significant stenosis of the brachiocephalic arteries (more than 70%) * Swelling or thrombosis of the heart * LV dysfunction (EF less than 30%) * Atherosclerosis of the aorta (atheromatosis) * Surgical access conversion