Robotic Versus Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic and Periampullary Tumors

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with an indication for elective pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignant, premalignant, and symptomatic benign disease in the pancreatic and periampullary region * Performance status of 0/1 (assessed based on comorbidities using the Karnofsky score and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool score among others, especially for patients with malignant disease) * Imaging with computed tomography and/or MRI pancreas performed within 8 weeks for benign and 4 weeks for malignant disease; for the latter tumor staging with MRI liver, CT chest, and Cancer Antigen 19-9 is also mandatory. Exclusion Criteria: * Body mass index \> 35 kg/m2 * Pregnancy * Previous history of major abdominal surgery * Requirement for multivisceral resection (additional surgical resection) * Preoperative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma) * Involvement of major regional vessels by the tumor (portal and superior mesenteric vein, superior mesenteric artery, hepatic artery, celiac artery) as defined by the borderline resectable and locally advanced nomenclature