Neonatal hypoglicaemia is associated with impaired neurodevelopment outcomes in preterm infants. Thus, hypoglicemic events should be diagnosed and treated promptly. Unfortunately, hypo- and hyperglicaemia management is still controversial. The investigators aim to assess if a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) impacts on both short-term and long-term neurodevelopment. Primary outcome is the effect of CGM coupled with a control algorithm for glucose infusion on the number of hemodynamic significant events (defined as hypoglycemic events associated with DOT-detectable reduction of brain oxygenation). It will be enrolled newborns ≤32 weeks gestational age and/or of birthweight ≤1500 g, they will be randomized in two study arms, both of them will wear Medtronic CGM during the first 5 days of life: 1) Blinded group (B): the device monitor will be switched off, glucose infusion rate will be modified according to the daily capillary glucose tests. 2) Unblinded group (UB): the device monitor will be visibile, alarms for hypos/hyper will be active and glucose infusion rate will be modulated according to CGM and PID control algorithm. Enrolled newborns will also be monitored with near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (DOT) during the first 5 days from enrollment. Follow-up will be performed at 12, 18, 24 months and 5 years by neurodevleopmental scale (Bailey III until 24 months; Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) at 5 years). The estimated numerosity is 60 patients (30 for each arm).
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CGMS and brain hemodynamic (posterior areas)
Timeframe: 5 days