Peri-implant Papillary Height Comparison in Microsurgically and Macrosurgically Placed Dental Implants

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients desiring implant placement for replacement of missing tooth and willing to participate in the study * Non smokers * Patients who do not report any relevant medically comprimising conditions or had not received any radiation therapy in head and neck region for cancer therapy. * Subjects with satisfactory residual ridges who demonstrated adequate bucco-lingual and mesio-distal space for implant placement, that facilitates primary stability. * Patients who demonstrate Plaque Index \<10% and good compliance. * Full mouth bleeding scores ≤25% before the implant placement. * Sites with sufficient band of keratinised mucosa. Exclusion Criteria: * • Pregnant and lactating females * Patients on anticancer therapy and immunosuppressant drugs. * Implants to be placed in sites with previous periodontal disease * Bleeding disorder or on anticoagulant therapy * Systemic diseases that would negatively influence wound healing