Transmission of Tuberculosis Among Illicit Drug Use Linkages (NCT04151602) | Clinical Trial Compass
CompletedNot Applicable
Transmission of Tuberculosis Among Illicit Drug Use Linkages
South Africa802 participantsStarted 2021-04-22
Plain-language summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious disease killer globally and leading cause of death in persons with HIV. The most effective way to reduce TB incidence and mortality is to interrupt transmission. This requires finding and treating individuals with TB disease early, including those with subclinical disease. Molecular epidemiologic studies and mathematical models have shown that the primary approach to case finding-household contact tracing-identifies only 8-19% of transmissions in high TB and TB/HIV burden settings. Thus there is a clear need to identify new groups and settings where TB transmission occurs. Spatial clustering of individuals with higher rates of progression from infection to disease, such as those with HIV and malnourishment, can also form transmission hotspots. Illicit drug (i.e., methamphetamines, crack/cocaine, opiates) users have higher TB infection prevalence and disease incidence compared to non-users, likely due to significant within-group transmission and/or clustered vulnerability. Increased transmission among people who use illicit drugs (PWUD) could result from creation of more efficient TB transmitters, increased close contact among transmitters, increased rates of primary progression from infection to disease among contacts, or a combination. Interrogation of illicit drug user networks for TB transmission, therefore, holds great potential as a target for early case identification and linkage to treatment, with potential benefit for halting transmission to the broader population.
Who can participate
Age range
15 Years
Sex
ALL
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Inclusion criteria
. at least 15 years old
. resident of the study community
. intact mental status at enrollment (i.e., no acute intoxication)
. provide written, informed consent to participate in the study if ≥18 years or written assent and parental consent if \<18 years.
. agree to comply with all study requirements, including provision of contact information and study appointments attendance
. self-reported meth or Mandrax use in the past month
. urine drug screen positive for meth and/or Mandrax
Questions worth asking your doctor
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
1Based on my diagnosis and history, is this trial worth exploring for me — or is there a standard treatment we should try first?
2What does this trial's phase tell us about how much is already known about its safety and benefit?
3What would taking part actually involve for me — visits, tests, time, and travel?
4What are the known and possible risks or side effects I should weigh, and how would they be monitored?
5If this trial isn't the right fit, what other options or trials would you suggest I look into?
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
Questions for the trial coordinator
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
1What does taking part actually involve week to week — how many visits, where, and how long does each one take?
2What costs are covered by the study, and what might I have to pay for myself, including travel, parking, or time off work?
3What happens during screening, and what happens if the study team confirms I don't meet the criteria after those tests?
4Who pays for the scans, blood work, and other tests the trial requires — the study, my insurance, or me?
5How will being in the trial affect my regular care, and will my own doctor stay informed and involved?
6Can I leave the trial at any point if I change my mind, and what would happen to my care if I do?
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
What they're measuring
1
TB disease prevalence
Timeframe: At baseline
2
Incipient TB prevalence
Timeframe: At baseline
3
Proportion of active TB cases resulting from recent transmission within this network of PWUD
Timeframe: At baseline
4
Quantity of aerosolized Mtb in exhaled breath: amount of aerosolized Mtb exhaled in one hour