AntiCoagulants and COGnition

Inclusion Criteria: * Men or women ≥ 70 years old * Newly diagnosed hemodynamically stable NVAF longer than 52 hours or of unknown duration, and CHA2DS2-VASc score according to ESC 2016 guidelines for anticoagulation treatment indications * MMSE score ≥ 20 * Subjects who can give written consent to participate in the study * Affiliation to a social security scheme. Exclusion Criteria: * Known history of stroke and/or a diagnosed condition of dementia (DSM-IV criteria) and/or severe depressive symptomatology (score on the 4-item Geriatric Depression Scale \> 3) * Moderate or severe mitral stenosis * Conditions other than NVAF that require anticoagulation * Use of anticoagulant more than 3 days at inclusion or more than 15 days in the preceding 12 months * Regular use of antiplatelet medications and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and/or azole class of antifungal agents and/or inhibitor of HIV protease * Acute thromboembolic events or thrombosis (venous/arterial) within the last 14 days prior to randomization * Known presence of cardiac thombus or myxoma or valvular atrial fibrillation * Any contraindication to anticoagulation, high risk of bleeding, and any other contraindication listed in the local labeling for the experimental treatment and comparator treatment * Unstable health, severe hepatic failure, or severe and moderate renal failure (creatinine clearance \<50 mL/min), acute coronary syndromes * Participation in another simultaneous clinical trial * Inabili…