This study will compare medically-supervised withdrawal (MSW, 'detoxification') to opioid agonist treatment (OAT, 'maintenance') with buprenorphine for pregnant women with opioid use disorder in terms of maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Outcomes will be assessed during pregnancy, at birth and for 12 months postpartum. This study has the potential to impact health service policy and practices in terms of the treatment options of pregnant women with opioid use disorder.
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Proportion of mothers who discontinued 1st treatment choice prior to delivery
Timeframe: Antepartum period
Proportion of mothers engaged in treatment at delivery
Timeframe: Antepartum period
Proportion of mothers with illicit substance use at delivery
Timeframe: At delivery
Proportion of mother-child dyads with delivery complications
Timeframe: At delivery
Proportion of neonates receiving medication treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)
Timeframe: At hospital discharge, an average of 10 days after delivery
Total average amount of medication given to treat NAS
Timeframe: At hospital discharge, an average of 10 days after delivery
Total average length of neonatal hospital stay
Timeframe: At hospital discharge, an average of 10 days after delivery