Comparison of the Hemodynamic Effect of Three Positions During Induction of Anesthesia

Inclusion Criteria: * adult patients (18-60 years), american society of anesthesiologist physical status I-II, scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery under general anesthesia Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with cardiac morbidities (impaired contractility with ejection fraction \< 50%, heart block, arrhythmias, tight valvular lesions), patients on antihypertensive medications, and patients with uncontrolled hypertension will be excluded from the study. Patient with decompensated respiratory disease (poor functional capacity, generalized wheezes, peripheral O2 saturation \< 90% on room air), patients at increased risk of aspiration (Inadequate fasting time, chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, BMI≥40 kg/m2, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Gastrointestinal obstruction, Previous upper gastrointestinal surgery and/or undergoing Upper gastrointestinal surgery), pregnant patients and patients with increased intracranial tension will be also excluded from the study