STRATA: Safe Testing of Risk for AsymptomaTic MicrohematuriA

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient is undergoing investigation of recent confirmed hematuria, as defined by the AUA/SUFU Guideline (Barocas DA, Boorjian SA, Alvarez RD et al. Microhematuria: AUA/SUFU guideline, J Urol 2020; 204:778) (by either flexible or rigid cystoscopy/TURBT), including hematuria subjects referred due to suspicious/positive imaging, in order to determine the presence of urothelial carcinoma. * Able to provide a voided urine sample of the required minimum volume * Able to give written consent * Able and willing to comply with study requirements * Aged 18 years or older Exclusion Criteria * Prior history of bladder malignancy or pelvic radiotherapy. Prior history prostate or renal cell carcinoma within the last 5 years. * Prior genitourinary manipulation (flexible or rigid cystoscopy / catheterisation, urethral dilation) in the 14 days before urine collection, * Known current pregnancy