Participants in this study will have one visit to the Emory University Hospital Clinical Research Unit. Participants will consume, over 5 minutes, a single standardized fat challenge (100 grams), using a commercially available liquid high-energy long chain triglyceride fat emulsion (Calogen), which provides 50 grams of long chain triglycerides per 100 mL. Participants will have 20 mL blood withdrawn at six successive time points over an 8-hour period, where the first time point after fasting (baseline) is followed by 5 time-points after fat consumption. Blood will be analyzed for a wide panel of blood lipids.
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Change in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) Size
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Size
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Total Cholesterol
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Free Cholesterol
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Cholesterol Ester
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Triglycerides
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Phosphatidylinositol
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Phosphatidylethanolamine
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Phosphatidylcholine
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Sphingomyelin
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Lysophosphatidylcholine
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein AI
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein AII
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein AIV
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein B
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein CI
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein CII
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein CIII
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Apolipoprotein E
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Lipoprotein (a)
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Phospholipid Transfer Protein
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Serum Paraoxonase/arylesterase 1
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Serum Amyloid A1
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6
Change in Serum Amyloid A4
Timeframe: Hours 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6