The Aim of this study is to examine the feasibility of a future trial comparing the impact of a physical activity intervention and a standard pulmonary rehabilitation programme upon cardiovascular risk and symptoms in COPD. The study involved three groups which are physical activity group, pulmonary rehabilitation group and usual care. The physical activity group and the pulmonary rehabilitation group will complete six-weeks of intervention. The pulmonary rehabilitation group will participate in a standard rehabilitation programme of supervised exercise and education sessions. Physical activity group will be involved in a programme that aims to increase their physical activity level with an increasing step count. Usual care group will be monitored for six-weeks. Before and after interventions measures will be taken including exercise capacity, body composition, blood tests, arterial stiffness, questionnaires assessing health quality of life, anxiety and depression, symptoms, cardiovascular disease risk. The investigators will also have a sub-group study. The subgroup study will have two arms interventions which are pulmonary rehabilitation group and physical activity group. The investigators will recruit 10 participants for each group from the main groups' population (no usual care group). Additional before and after measures will be taken for sub-group study and that includes Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning for adipose visceral tissue and postprandial lipaemic response test. It is hypothesised that exercise and physical activity level can reduce cardiovascular disease risk with COPD patients, but the relative impact of both interventions need to be explored.
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Waist circumference
Timeframe: Change from baseline waist circumference at 8 weeks.
Body fat percentage
Timeframe: Change from baseline body fat percentage at 8 weeks.
Fasted triglyceride concentration
Timeframe: Change from baseline fasted triglyceride concentration at 8 weeks.
Fasted total cholesterol concentration
Timeframe: Change from baseline fasted total cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.
Fasted high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration
Timeframe: Change from baseline fasted high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.
Fasted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration
Timeframe: Change from baseline fasted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration at 8 weeks.
Fasted C-reactive protein concentration
Timeframe: Change from baseline fasted C-reactive protein concentration at 8 weeks.
Fasted insulin concentration
Timeframe: Change from baseline fasted insulin concentration at 8 weeks.
Fasted glucose concentration
Timeframe: Change from baseline fasted glucose concentration at 8 weeks.
Arterial stiffness
Timeframe: Change from baseline arterial stiffness at 8 weeks.
QRISK2 questionnaire
Timeframe: Change from baseline QRISK2 questionnaire at 8 weeks.
Weight
Timeframe: Change from baseline weight at 8 weeks.
Body mass index
Timeframe: Change from baseline body mass index at 8 weeks.
Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale
Timeframe: Change from baseline MRC dyspnoea scale at 8 weeks.
Borg Breathlessness score
Timeframe: Change from baseline Borg breathlessness score at 8 weeks.
Step counts per day
Timeframe: Change from baseline step counts per day at 8 weeks.
Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire Self-Reported(CRQ-SR)
Timeframe: Change from baseline CRQ-SR at 8 weeks.
Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQ)
Timeframe: Change from baseline BCKQ at 8 weeks.
COPD Assessment Test (CAT) Questionnaire
Timeframe: Change from baseline CAT at 8 weeks.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
Timeframe: Change from baseline HADS at 8 weeks.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation Adapted Index of Self-Efficacy (PRAISE)
Timeframe: Change from baseline PRAISE at 8 weeks.
The Incremental Shuttle Walking Test (ISWT)
Timeframe: Change from baseline exercise capacity at 8 weeks.
The endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT)
Timeframe: Change from baseline exercise capacity at 8 weeks.