This phase II trial studies circulating cell-free tumor DNA testing to guide treatment with regorafenib or TAS-102 in patients with colorectal cancer that has spread to other areas of the body. Studying samples of blood from patients with colorectal cancer may help doctors understand how well patients respond to treatment. Regorafenib and TAS-102 may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. It is not yet known how well ctDNA testing works in guiding treatment with regorafenib and TAS-102 for patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Early change in circulating tumor-derived deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (ctDNA) as a predictor of radiographic progression (Arm II-SOC)
Timeframe: First 4 months after treatment initiation
Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of interest (grade 3/4 toxicity, intolerable grade 2 toxicity, or any toxicity requiring dose reduction) between arms
Timeframe: First 4 months after treatment initiation