Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus For Laboring Obstetrical Women

Inclusion Criteria: * Singleton, vertex presentations at term (37-42 weeks gestational age) * \</= 5cm cervical dilation at the time of epidural anesthesia request * ASA 2-3 patients aged 19 or over who are able to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Contraindications to neuraxial analgesia or risk factors likely to affect placement or function of the epidural * History of hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reaction to local anesthetics or opioids * Current or historical evidence of any significant medical conditions * Clinical settings in which continuous epidural infusion may be preferable * Risk factors significantly increasing the need for Cesarean delivery * Anticipated fetal abnormalities