Stopped: It was hard to recruit patients
CAR-T therapy was proposed and has been recently used for cancer treatment. It has been hailed for its promising remission rates after early stage clinical trials for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, CAR-T therapy is seldom used for autoimmune diseases. Researchers only use it for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), that include the neuromyelitis optica (NMO), are a group of inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system characterized by episodes of immune-mediated demyelination and axonal damage mainly involving optic nerves and spinal cord. NMO is characterized by the presence of an anti-Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody, which can only be produced by differentiation of B cells to plasma cells. Because these anti-AQP4 antibodies may be pathogenic, B cells recognizing AQP4 may be directly involved in the disease process as well. B cells also play a role as potent antigen presenting cells in NMO. NMO has the characteristics of high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. In the conventional treatment options, NMOSD could be treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs immunosuppressant (e.g. azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, rituximab). But these drugs could barely completely cure NMOSD. And now, chimeric antigen receptor modified T cell infusion maybe an effective treatment to solve these problems. The rationale for using CAR-T therapy in NMOSD is based on the known roles of B cells, antibody production and plasma cells in the pathophysiology of NMOSD. The strongest evidence of the importance of B cells in NMO comes from studies of B cell depletion, most commonly with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab. Emerging evidence indicates that peripheral B cells are activated during a relapse and plasmablast production of anti-AQP4 antibodies spikes. The investigators infuse tanCART19/20 to completely deplete B cells. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of this tanCART19/20 in the treatment of NMOSD.
Age range
12 Years – 75 Years
Sex
ALL
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
Occurrence of study related adverse events
Timeframe: From baseline to 12 months after