One in three American adults have prediabetes, and up to 70% of adults with prediabetes eventually develop type 2 diabetes. With the high cost of treating diabetes, cost-effective approaches are needed to reduce the incidence of diabetes. One new strategy may be to change when people eat. Studies in rodents suggest that a form of intermittent fasting that limits eating to a short time period each day and involves fasting for the rest of the day (time-restricted eating; TRE) improves blood sugar control and cardiovascular health. Preliminary studies suggest that TRE also improves blood sugar, weight loss, and cardiovascular health in humans. This study will be the first full-scale, controlled feeding trial to determine whether TRE can improve 24-hour blood sugar control, 24-hour blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease risk factors even when food intake is matched to the control group. This clinical trial will also determine whether the benefits of TRE depend on the time of day that people eat. Participants will be assigned to one of three groups: (1) 'Early TRE' (eat between \~8 am-3 pm), (2) 'Mid-day TRE' (eat between \~1 pm - 8 pm), or (3) Control Schedule (\~8 am - 8 pm) for 8 weeks. All food will be provided and matched between groups.
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Mean 24-hour glucose levels
Timeframe: 8 weeks
Mean 24-hour insulin levels
Timeframe: 8 weeks
Mean 24-hour C-peptide levels
Timeframe: 8 weeks
Insulin sensitivity
Timeframe: 8 weeks
Beta-cell responsivity index (a measure of beta-cell function)
Timeframe: 8 weeks
Glucose AUCs
Timeframe: 8 weeks
Insulin AUC
Timeframe: 8 weeks
C-peptide AUC
Timeframe: 8 weeks
Peak glucose and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) glucose values
Timeframe: 8 weeks