Ribociclib and Everolimus in Treating Children With Recurrent or Refractory Malignant Brain Tumors

Inclusion Criteria: * ELIGIBILITY FOR SCREENING * Patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of high-grade glioma (HGG), medulloblastoma, CNS embryonal tumor (not otherwise specified \[NOS\]), ependymoma, or atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) that is recurrent, progressive or refractory * Patients with recurrent diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) with typical radiographic appearance who have undergone biopsy are eligible provided there is histologic confirmation of malignant glioma World Health Organization (WHO) II-IV; Rb1 screening for these patients is required only if adequate tissue is available * Patients with recurrent brainstem tumors with an atypical presentation who have undergone biopsy are eligible provided there is histologic confirmation of malignant glioma WHO II-IV; these patients must undergo Rb1 screening; these patients must have radiographic evidence of progression * Patients with secondary malignant gliomas will be eligible for this study but should conform to all other eligibility requirements; patients with low-grade gliomas are excluded * Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumor tissue (preferably from the most recent recurrence) must be available to assess Rb1 protein status prior to enrollment on phase I or surgical study; if the subject has results from prior Rb1 IHC testing in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)-certified laboratory the requirement for screening to assess Rb1 protein status is waived * Patients with recurr…