Administration of Clomiphene: Short and Long Term Metabolism in an Anti-Doping Setting

Inclusion Criteria: \- Active males who engage in regular exercise between the ages of 18 and 40 on the day of enrollment • For this study, regular exercise is defined as: physical activity resulting in an increased heart rate for at least 30 minutes per day, 4-5 days per week. Exclusion Criteria: * Individuals outside of the described age range on the day of enrollment * Individuals who are in a Registered Testing Pool for anti-doping purposes, or individuals who for any reason could be subject to doping control testing * Individuals who are unwilling or unable to provide blood or urine samples * Individuals who do not actively exercise * Individuals with any history of cancer, cardiovascular disease, endocrine abnormalities, infertility, hypoandrogenism, renal disease, hepatic disease, neurologic disease, or any psychiatric history * Individuals who have previously used anabolic steroids, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), or who are currently using any substances included on the WADA Prohibited List * History of venous thromboembolic disease (i.e. deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) * History of untreated cataracts * History of intracranial lesions such as pituitary tumors * Transaminase elevation greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) * Moderate or heavy alcohol intake