Mupirocin to Reduce Staphylococcus Aureus Colonization in Infants Hospitalized in a NICU

Inclusion Criteria: * Infants admitted to Crouse Hospital NICU with MSSA/MRSA colonization that have parental consent for participation obtained within 2 days of their initial positive screen. Exclusion Criteria: * Any infant with an active or previous S. aureus infection at time of initial positive S. aureus colonization screen. * Any infant with a condition thought to be fatal/irreversible (pulmonary hypoplasia, chromosomal/genetic syndromes, fatal cardiac anomalies). * Any infant with a congenital condition that would prevent specimen collection or treatment application (cleft lip/palate, choanal atresia, abdominal wall defects, imperforate anus, etc.). * Sufficient length of NICU admission will be necessary to adequately measure the primary outcome. Therefore, enrolled patients will only be included in data analysis if they remain in the NICU until after at least one subsequent MSSA/MRSA screening is performed following completion of their initial treatment course with either mupirocin or placebo.