Durvalumab and Tremelimumab in Treating Patients With Muscle-Invasive, High-Risk Urothelial Cancer That Cannot Be Treated With Cisplatin-Based Therapy Before Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients must have tissue resected by transurethral resection of bladder tissue (TURBT) at the MD Anderson Cancer Center * Patients must have histologic proof of urothelial cancer; this includes bladder cancer, in addition to other tumors of the urothelial lining including renal pelvis, ureteral, and urethral cancer; upper tract urothelial carcinoma will also be included; this group may include any patient requiring cystectomy (or applicable surgery to resect tumors), including muscle invasive disease (cT2-3aN0M0), whose tumor could not be completely removed at transurethral resection * Patients with the following high-risk features who are not candidates for traditional neoadjuvant chemotherapy will be included for this trial: micropapillary, sarcomatoid and plasmacytoid features; 3-dimensional (3-D) mass on exam under anesthesia (EUA); lymphovascular invasion; hydronephrosis (unless in the opinion of the treating physician, this is not due to tumor); high grade (grade 3) tumors of the ureter, renal pelvis, or tumors in these areas with radiographic abnormality large enough to recognize as an abnormal mass by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging; direct invasion of the prostatic stroma or the vaginal wall (i.e. cT4a disease); patients who are candidates for but refusing conventional chemotherapy may be considered eligible; for patients in whom eligibility is unclear, final arbitration will be determined by the principal …