Efficacy and Outcomes of a Non-Pharmacological Intervention for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: Eligible subjects are infants currently in the NICU or Newborn Nursery at University of Massachusetts Memorial Hospital or at Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC and: * Full-term infants (≥37 wks gestational age) * Newborns at risk for NAS due to opioid-exposure in utero * At-risk infants will be infants who present with confirmed meconium and/or urine toxicology report and/or documented medical record for opioids (e.g., methadone, buprenorphine/subutex, oxycodone, heroin); may also have prenatal exposure to benzodiazepines, barbiturates, amphetamines, cannabinoids, alcohol, nicotine and/or caffeine. Exclusion Criteria: Eligible infants meeting the inclusion criteria above will be excluded from participation in the study if he/she: * Born less than \<37weeks. * Has a clinically significant congenital abnormality * Has a clinically significant fetal anomaly * Has hydrocephalus or intraventricular hemorrhage \>grade 2 * Has a seizure disorder not related to drug withdrawal * Has a clinically significant cardiac shunt * Has anemia (hemoglobin\<8g/dL) * Requires mechanical respiratory support * Has MRSA or infection at time of the study