Perioperative Copeptin: Predictive Value and Risk Stratification in Patients Undergoing Major Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults \>18 years * Type of surgery for patients 1 to 30: abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, suprainguinal and infrainguinal vascular surgery, carotid surgery * Type of surgery for patients 31 to 500: surgeries with elevated risks in general (as specified by 2014 ESC/ESA Guidelines on non-cardiac surgery: cardiovascular assessment and management \[Kristensen\]) Exclusion Criteria: * acute coronary Syndrome (ACS) at presentation (clinical assessment or documentation) * Congestive heart failure at presentation (clinical assessment or documentation) * Documented severe aortic stenosis (valve area \<1cm2) * Kidney dysfunction (clearance \<50ml/min) * Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (\<40%); if no LVEF is available, it will be assumed to be \>40% * Cancelled surgery * Unwilling or unable to provide consent * Inability to follow the procedures of the study, e.g. due to language problems, psychological disorders, dementia, etc. of the participant