Automated Control of Mechanical Ventilation During General Anaesthesia

Inclusion Criteria: * Planned elective surgery of the upper limb, lower limb or peripheral vascular surgery in general anesthesia * Patient is classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA) I, II or III * Age ≥ 18 years * Written consent of the patient for study participation Exclusion Criteria: * Mild, moderate or severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)\[10\] * Known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Gold stage III or higher * Two or more of the following organ failures * Mild, moderate or severe ARDS * Hemodynamic instability: systolic blood pressure \< 90 mm Hg, mean arterial pressure \< 70 mm Hg or administration of any vasoactive drugs. * Acute renal failure: oliguria (urine output \< 0.5 ml/kg/h for at least 2 hours despite of adequate management or creatinine increase \> 0.5 mg/dl * Cerebral failure: loose of consciousness or encephalopathy * Patient is pregnant.