Simple Mechanical Device to Control Pressure in the Balloon of the Endotracheal Tube to Prevent Ventilator-acquired Pneumonia

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients aged ≥18 years * Patients admitted in the ICU, mechanically ventilated and whose trachea was intubated by the oral route using tubes with catheter polyvinyl chloride "high-volume low pressure" and of standard shape tubes Intubation indication is decided by the physicians in charge according to the usual criteria of respiratory, neurological and /or hemodynamic failure * With an expected duration of mechanical ventilation \> 48 hours Exclusion Criteria: * Patients intubated by nasotracheal route * Patients with tracheotomy before admission * Patients intubated with a polyurethane balloon catheter or a polyvinyl chloride balloon catheter of conical shape * Previously intubated patients for \> 48 hours before their possible recruitment * Moribund patients (terminal illness or care-limiting decision) * Minors protected or incapacitated patients * Patients with recently diagnosed ENT cancer * Patients with facial, thoracic, spinal or upper airway trauma * Patients burned, intoxicated by fire fumes or caustic ingestion * Patient pregnant or breastfeeding (or with known positive urine pregnancy test before inclusion) * Patient intubated with a subglottic suction tube * Unaffiliated patients to a social security * Patients included in any other scientific study that may interfere with the outcome criteria of this study. This includes any other study on tracheal intubation or mechanical ventilation, if the use of the pressure control device may interf…