Exploration of the Pleural Cavity Using a fleXible endoscoPe

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of pleural effusion affirmed by chest radiography, * Indication thoracoscopy, asked by the pulmonologist or thoracic surgeon for diagnostic investigation and / or pleural symphysis * Inpatient or outpatient, * Women of childbearing age having an effective contraceptive coverage (combined oral contraceptives or intrauterine device or tubal ligation); a negative pregnancy test should be obtained, * For postmenopausal women, menopause confirmation of diagnosis, Exclusion Criteria: * Pleural effusion compression, * Pleural effusion infected or suspected of infection, * Febrile patient (\> 38 ° C) * Parapneumonic effusion * Immunosuppression (eg, neutropenia \<1G / L, immunosuppressive therapy, ...) * Portage known multidrug-resistant germ or S. aureus resistant to methicillin, * Clinical suspicion of tuberculosis, * Patients who have already been treated by pleurodesis, * Contraindication to general anesthesia, * Contraindication of prophylactic antibiotics, * Contraindication to pleurodesis agent * Increased bleeding risk, * No one deprived of liberty by an administrative or judicial decision or protected adult subject (under guardianship) * Pregnant or breastfeeding women.