Selinexor in Treating Younger Patients With Recurrent or Refractory Solid Tumors or High-Grade Gliomas

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients must have a body surface area (BSA) \>= 0.84 m\^2 * Diagnosis: * Part A: Patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumors, including lymphoma and CNS tumors, are eligible; patients must have had histologic verification of malignancy at original diagnosis or relapse except in patients with intrinsic brain stem tumors, optic pathway gliomas, or patients with pineal tumors and elevations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum tumor markers including alpha-fetoprotein or beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) * Part B: Patients with recurrent or refractory high grade glioma (World Health Organization \[WHO\] grade III/IV) including disseminated tumors (excluding diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma \[DIPG\]), not requiring surgical resection; patients must have had histologic verification of malignancy at original diagnosis or relapse * Part C: Patients with recurrent or refractory high grade glioma (WHO grade III/IV) and requiring surgical resection (excluding DIPG and disseminated tumors), who in the opinion of treating physicians, are medically stable to receive 2 doses of selinexor (8-10 days of treatment) before undergoing surgery without compromising the success of the procedure; note that if, in the opinion of treating physicians, current symptoms necessitate surgery before 2 doses will be able to be received, surgery should not be delayed to administer selinexor, and the patient would be ineligible for protocol therapy * Disease status…