Vaccine Therapy in Treating Patients With Newly Diagnosed Advanced Colon Polyps

Inclusion Criteria: * History of at least one of the following conditions in the previous 12 months: * Colorectal adenoma(s) \>= 1 cm in maximal diameter * Colorectal adenoma(s) with villous or tubulovillous histology * Colorectal adenoma(s) with high grade (severe) dysplasia * Presumptive evidence that all adenomatous lesions, including qualifying advanced adenoma, have been completely removed * Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document * Willingness to undergo screening tests and procedures * Willingness to provide blood samples for toxicity monitoring and research purposes * Not pregnant or nursing; note: a negative (serum or urine) pregnancy test must be documented =\< 7 days prior to registration/randomization for women of childbearing potential * Willingness to employ adequate contraception through week 53 of the study; note: women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal, barrier method of birth control, abstinence) prior to study entry and for the period of active vaccination (through week 53); should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her physician immediately * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =\< 1 (Karnofsky \>= 70%) * Hemoglobin greater than 90% of the lower limit of institutional normal * Platelets \>= 100 B/L (10\^9/L) * White blood cell (WBC) \> 2.5 B/L (10\^9/L) * Aspar…